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This photo is captured by SOUMEN MANDAL in Ranibandh Area in Bankura dist, WB. 

Here we going to share some information about this bird named Red-Whiskered Bulbul  . 

The red-whiskered bulbul (Pycnonotus jocosus), or crested bulbul, is a passerine bird native to Asia. It is a member of the bulbul family. It is a resident frugivore found mainly in tropical Asia. It has been introduced in many tropical areas of the world where populations have established themselves. It has a loud three or four note call, feeds on fruits and small insects and perches conspicuously on trees. It is common in hill forests and urban gardens.

         Scientific classification

Kingdom:                    Animalia

Phylum :                      Chordata

Class:                              Aves

Order:                       Passeriformes

Family:                      Pycnonotidae

Genus:                       Pycnonotus

Species:                     P. jocosus

 

Taxonomy

The red-whiskered bulbul was formally described by the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus in 1758 in the tenth edition of his Systema Naturae under the binomial name Lanius jocosus.[2] The specific epithet is from Latin ioculus meaning "merry" (from iocus meaning "joke").[3] Linnaeus based his description on the Sitta Chinensis that had been described in 1757 by the Swedish naturalist Pehr Osbeck.[4][5] Linnaeus specified the location as "China" but this was restricted to Hong Kong and Kwangtung (now Guangdong) by Herbert Girton Deignan in 1948.[6][7] The red-whiskered bulbul is now placed in the genus Pycnonotus that was introduced by the German zoologist Friedrich Boie in 1826.[8][9]

Hybrids have been noted in captivity with the red-vented, white-eared, white-spectacled, black-capped and Himalayan bulbuls.[10] Leucism has also been recorded.

Subspecies 

Nine subspecies are recognized:

P. j. fuscicaudatus - (Gould, 1866): Originally described as a separate species. Found in western and central India. Has a nearly complete breast band and no white tip to tail.

P. j. abuensis - (Whistler, 1931): Found in north-western India (type locality Mount Abu[12]) Is pale and has a broken breast band and no white tip to tail.

P. j. pyrrhotis - (Bonaparte, 1850): Originally described as a separate species in the genus Ixos. Found in the Terai of northern India and Nepal. It is pale above with white tail tips and a widely separated breast band

P. j. emeria - (Linnaeus, 1758): Originally described as a separate species in the genus Motacilla.[13] Found from eastern India to south-western Thailand. Is warm brown above with a slim bill and a long crest (also introduced into Florida[14])

P. j. whistleri - Deignan, 1948: Found in the Andaman Islands and has a warm brown plumage above, a heavier bill and a shorter crest than P. j. emeria

P. j. monticola - (Horsfield, 1840): Originally described as a separate species in the genus Ixos. Found from eastern Himalayas to northern Myanmar and southern China and has darker upperparts than P. j. pyrrhotis

P. j. jocosus - (Linnaeus, 1758): Found in south-eastern China

P. j. hainanensis - (Hachisuka, 1939): Found on Hainan Island (off south-eastern China)

P. j. pattani - Deignan, 1948: Found from southern Myanmar and northern Malay Peninsula through Thailand and southern Indochina

Distribution and habitat 

This is a bird of lightly wooded areas, more open country with bushes and shrubs, and farmland. Irruptions have been noted from early times with Thomas C. Jerdon noting that they were "periodically visiting Madras and other wooded towns in large flocks."[17]

It has established itself in Australia and in Los Angeles, Hawaii,[18] and Florida[19] in the United States, as well as in Mauritius, on Assumption Island[20] and Mascarene Islands.[21][22] In Florida, it is only found in a small area, and its population could be extirpated easily.[23] It was eradicated from Assumption Island in 2013–2015 to prevent colonisation of nearby Aldabra, the largest introduced bird-free tropical island.[24]

The red-whiskered bulbul was introduced by the Zoological and Acclimatization Society in 1880 to Sydney, became well established across the suburbs by 1920, and continued to spread slowly to around 100 km away. It is now also found in suburban Melbourne and Adelaide, although it is unclear how they got there.

 Other sources 

Fraser, F.C. (1930). Note on the nesting habits of the Southern Red-whiskered Bulbul (Otocompsa emeria fuscicaudata). J. Bombay Nat. Hist. Soc. 34(1): 250–252.

Michael, Bindhu; Amrithraj, M.; Pillai, K. Madhavan (1997). "A note on Isospora infection in a Southern Redwhiskered Bulbul (Pycnonotus jocosus fuscicaudatus)". Zoos' Print Journal. 12 (12): 5.

Kinloch, A. P. (1922). "Nidification of the Southern Redwhiskered Bulbul Otocompsa emeria fuscicaudata". Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society. 

SOURCE : WIKIPEDIA 

Photography & Report covered by - SOUMEN MANDAL

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NAME- SOUMEN MANDAL

ROLL- 35000320001

DEPT- ECE

SEMESTER- 4th